File: countdown.c
   1 /*
   2 The MIT License (MIT)
   3 
   4 Copyright © 2020-2025 pacman64
   5 
   6 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
   7 this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal
   8 in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
   9 use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
  10 of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
  11 so, subject to the following conditions:
  12 
  13 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
  14 copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15 
  16 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  19 AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21 OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
  22 SOFTWARE.
  23 */
  24 
  25 /*
  26 You can build this command-line app by running
  27 
  28 cc -Wall -s -O2 -o ./countdown ./countdown.c
  29 */
  30 
  31 #include <stdbool.h>
  32 #include <stddef.h>
  33 #include <stdint.h>
  34 #include <stdio.h>
  35 #include <stdlib.h>
  36 #include <string.h>
  37 #include <time.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39 
  40 #ifdef _WIN32
  41 #include <fcntl.h>
  42 #include <windows.h>
  43 #endif
  44 
  45 const char* info = ""
  46     "countdown [options...] [seconds/duration...]\n"
  47     "\n"
  48     "\n"
  49     "Count-down the number of seconds given, or 60 seconds by default.\n"
  50     "\n"
  51     "The duration can be either a number (of seconds) or a string with no\n"
  52     "spaces and numbered units `h`, `m`, `s`, which can be mixed together.\n"
  53     "\n"
  54     "Decimal dots and negative numbers aren't allowed."
  55     "\n"
  56     "\n"
  57     "Options, all of which can start with either 1 or 2 dashes:\n"
  58     "\n"
  59     "\n"
  60     "  -h          show this help message\n"
  61     "  -help       show this help message\n"
  62     "\n"
  63     "\n"
  64     "Examples"
  65     "\n"
  66     "\n"
  67     "  countdown 33 # 33 seconds\n"
  68     "  countdown 3h45m # 3 hours and 45 minutes\n"
  69     "  countdown 3h45s # 3 hours and 45 seconds\n"
  70     "  countdown 3h4m5s # 3 hours 4 minutes and 5 seconds\n"
  71     "";
  72 
  73 void countdown(int seconds) {
  74     struct timespec now;
  75     clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
  76     const int64_t ns2sec = 1e9;
  77     const int64_t end = ns2sec * (now.tv_sec + seconds) + now.tv_nsec;
  78 
  79     struct timespec delay;
  80     delay.tv_sec = 0;
  81     delay.tv_nsec = 100 * 1e6;
  82 
  83     int64_t t = ns2sec * now.tv_sec + now.tv_nsec;
  84     while (t < end) {
  85         const int64_t diff = end - t;
  86         const int64_t round_up = (diff % ns2sec) > (ns2sec / 5);
  87         const int64_t left = diff / ns2sec + round_up;
  88         const int h = left / 3600;
  89         const int m = (left / 60) % 60;
  90         const int s = left % 60;
  91         fprintf(stderr, "\r%02d:%02d:%02d", h, m, s);
  92 
  93         nanosleep(&delay, NULL);
  94         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &now);
  95         t = ns2sec * now.tv_sec + now.tv_nsec;
  96     }
  97 
  98     fputs("\r        \r", stderr);
  99 }
 100 
 101 // is_help_option simplifies control-flow for func main
 102 bool is_help_option(const char* s) {
 103     return (s[0] == '-') && (
 104         strcmp(s, "-h") == 0 ||
 105         strcmp(s, "-help") == 0 ||
 106         strcmp(s, "--h") == 0 ||
 107         strcmp(s, "--help") == 0
 108     );
 109 }
 110 
 111 // bool parse_duration(char* s, int* seconds) {
 112 //     char* end;
 113 //     int v = strtol(argv[1], &end, 10);
 114 //     if (*end == 0) {
 115 //         *seconds = v;
 116 //         return true;
 117 //     }
 118 //     return false;
 119 // }
 120 
 121 bool parse_colon_style_duration(char* s, int* seconds) {
 122     int accum = 0;
 123     int digits = 0;
 124 
 125     int parts[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
 126     const int n = sizeof(parts) / sizeof(parts[0]);
 127     const int multipliers[4] = {1, 60, 60 * 60, 24 * 60 * 60};
 128     int which = 0;
 129 
 130     for (; *s != 0; s++) {
 131         const int b = *s;
 132 
 133         if (b == ':') {
 134             if (digits < 1) {
 135                 return false;
 136             }
 137 
 138             parts[which] = accum;
 139             accum = 0;
 140             digits = 0;
 141 
 142             which++;
 143             if (which >= n) {
 144                 return false;
 145             }
 146 
 147             continue;
 148         }
 149 
 150         if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
 151             digits++;
 152             accum *= 10;
 153             accum += b - '0';
 154             continue;
 155         }
 156 
 157         return false;
 158     }
 159 
 160     if (digits < 1) {
 161         return false;
 162     }
 163 
 164     parts[which] = accum;
 165 
 166     int total = 0;
 167     for (int i = which, j = 0; i >= 0; i--, j++) {
 168         total += multipliers[j] * parts[i];
 169     }
 170     *seconds = total;
 171     return true;
 172 }
 173 
 174 bool parse_duration(char* s, int* seconds) {
 175     int total = 0;
 176     int accum = 0;
 177 
 178     if (parse_colon_style_duration(s, seconds)) {
 179         return true;
 180     }
 181 
 182     for (; *s != 0; s++) {
 183         const int b = *s;
 184 
 185         if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
 186             accum *= 10;
 187             accum += b - '0';
 188             continue;
 189         }
 190 
 191         switch (b) {
 192             case 'h':
 193                 accum *= 3600;
 194                 total += accum;
 195                 accum = 0;
 196                 break;
 197 
 198             case 'm':
 199                 accum *= 60;
 200                 total += accum;
 201                 accum = 0;
 202                 break;
 203 
 204             case 's':
 205                 total += accum;
 206                 accum = 0;
 207                 break;
 208 
 209             default:
 210                 return false;
 211         }
 212     }
 213 
 214     total += accum;
 215     *seconds = total;
 216     return true;
 217 }
 218 
 219 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
 220 #ifdef _WIN32
 221     setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY);
 222     // ensure output lines end in LF instead of CRLF on windows
 223     setmode(fileno(stdout), O_BINARY);
 224     setmode(fileno(stderr), O_BINARY);
 225 #endif
 226 
 227     // handle any of the help options, if given
 228     if (argc > 1 && is_help_option(argv[1])) {
 229         puts(info);
 230         return 0;
 231     }
 232 
 233     int seconds = 60;
 234     if (argc > 1) {
 235         if (!parse_duration(argv[1], &seconds)) {
 236             const char* fmt = "\x1b[31minvalid duration '%s'\x1b[0m\n";
 237             fprintf(stderr, fmt, argv[1]);
 238             return 1;
 239         }
 240     }
 241 
 242     if (seconds > 0) {
 243         countdown(seconds);
 244     }
 245 
 246     printf("done waiting for %d seconds\n", seconds);
 247     return 0;
 248 }